Stock Android doesn't (yet) support software card emulation, even though the NFC controllers in most current phones have this capability. Besides a BlackBerry device, you can use some contactless readers in emulation mode to emulate NFC tags or a full-featured smart card. Software card emulation is currently available on BlackBerry phones, which offer standard APIs for apps to register with the OS and process card commands received over NFC.
Responses are then sent via NFC to the reader, and thus your app takes the role of a virtual contactless 'smartcard' (refer to this paper for a more thorough discussion).
Software card emulation (sometimes referred to as Host Card Emulation or HCE) does something very similar, but instead of routing commands received by the NFC controller to the SE, it delivers them to the application processor, and they can be processed by regular applications. We already know that if the embedded secure element is put in virtual mode it is visible to external readers as a contactless smartcard.
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